1905. A new and original chapter was added to the history of coffee preparation. In his Turin laboratory, Pier Teresio Arduino, built his first espresso machine. Arduino must be credited with understanding that the world of bars, restaurants and coffee shops was changing, as were the machines that were being used in these places, as they would have to move in line with the times in terms of technical concept and style. He made a machine that would guarantee coffee preparation in a limited size, a machine that would be safe and easy to use.